Towards Better Chroma Subsampling - SMPTE Presentation Notes
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What happens when the wrong luma coefficients are used

Original.	Encoded with Rec. 601 coefficients, decoded with Rec. 709 coefficients.	Encoded with Rec. 709 coefficients, decoded with Rec. 601 coefficients.

• Numerically, major color inaccuracy results.
  
  
• Visually, the color inaccuracy is often not noticed.
  
  
• Problems with using the wrong coefficients are more visible in clipping of saturated colors (not shown).